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Why find the state of the atmosphere?


  • Initial conditions for prediction
    • ... the atmosphere "is a chaotic system in which errors introduced into the system can grow with time ... As a consequence, data assimiltion is a struggle between chaotic destruction of knowledge and its restoration by new observations" (Leith, 1993)
    • The "ultimate problem in meteorology" (Bjerknes, 1911)
  • Climate analysis / reanalysis
  • Model and observing system validation
  • Observation system design