Parsing CF standard names

Version 14.1

Introduction

In the CF metadata convention, standard names are used to describe geophysical quantities. They make use of words and phrases from the relevant geophysical disciplines, but although called "names", standard names often answer the question, "What do you mean by that quantity?" rather than, "What do you usually call that quantity?" This is because CF conventions are applied in many fields, and the users of CF metadata have many different scientific backgrounds. Consequently many CF standard names are longer and more self-explanatory than customary terminology, and good deal of effort is invested in making them clear and consistent in their construction and phraseology. In the process of devising new standard names, reference to a comprehensive and systematic description of the existing names would be useful. With that aim, this document presents a grammatical analysis of CF standard names.

The document has the following sections:

Grammar	Description of the grammar, which is composed of the two elements of lexicon (the phrases which compose standard names) and syntax (the rules used to assemble standard names from phrases).
Uses	Description of how the grammar can be used to help with constructing new standard names, including some software for that purpose.
Derivation	Description of how the grammar was derived from the existing set of standard names.
Direction	Discussion of the advantages of standard names over other approaches to describing geophysical quantities, and how the grammar could be developed.
Lexicon	Lexicon of phrases used in CF standard names, in groups having related meanings.
Patterns	List of the syntactic patterns used in CF standard names.
Standard names	List of CF standard names, each linked to its grammatical analysis.
Analysis	A grammatical analysis of each existing standard name.

Grammar

This analysis in this document is for version 14 of the CF standard name table, which contains 2072 standard names. (For this analysis I have modified seven of the names and will propose these modifications to be adopted as standard.) The standard name table is contained in an xml file. CF standard names are composed of words joined with underscores e.g.

tendency_of_atmosphere_water_vapor_content_due_to_advection

(By convention, the words consist of lower-case letters and numerals only, but that's not important to this analysis.) The grammar analyses each standard name into phrases, each comprising one or more words e.g.

tendency_of atmosphere water_vapor_content due_to_advection

In this grammar, the 2072 standard names are constructed from 858 phrases.

Each phrase belongs to a set of phrases of a particular phrasetype. (The phrasetypes are loosely analogous to the parts of speech of natural language i.e. nouns, verbs, etc.) In this grammar, there are 36 phrasetypes. For instance, "tendency_of" belongs to the "(function_of)" phrasetype. Owing to the assignment of phrases to phrasetypes, each standard name can be parsed into a sequence of phrasetypes, in this example

(function_of) (layer) (scalar) due_to_(phenomenon)

We can call the sequence of phrasetypes a standard name pattern. Since the standard names have deliberately been constructed in a systematic fashion, there are only 229 distinct patterns in the grammar, an order of magnitude fewer than standard names. There are several other standard names with the above pattern, another one being

tendency_of_sea_ice_thickness_due_to_thermodynamics

These 229 patterns specify the syntax of CF standard names, which is one of the two components of the grammar. For discussion of how the syntax could be represented by a smaller number of patterns, see below.

The other component of the grammar is the lexicon, which lists the phrases and their assignment to phrasetypes. The definitive version of the lexicon is this plain text "flat" file, whose lines have the form

phrase phrasetype

As far as the parsing software is concerned, the lines can be in any order, although actually I have arranged them by phrasetype and alphabetically within phrasetype. Like parts of speech in natural language, the phrasetypes are characterised partly by their syntactic role within patterns, and partly by semantics. For example, "dry_static" and "sunlit" are both classified as "(pre_adjective)", because both of them can prefix the names of geophysical variables, although they don't have related meanings. The phrases "tropopause" and "sea_surface" are both classified as "(surface)", and they obviously do have the same kind of meaning as well as similar syntactic function. There are distinct phrasetypes of "(component)" e.g. "eastward" and "(grid_component)" e.g. "x", because they are positioned differently in standard names, although they have similar kinds of meaning. There is also a set of phrases which are assigned to no phrasetype, or equivalently to a blank phrasetype, because each of them is in a class of its own regarding syntax and semantics i.e. these untyped phrases only have in common the fact that they have nothing in common with other phrases.

Formally this grammar does not analyse phrases into words, but the phrases have themselves been systematically constructed too. For example, there is a semantic link between "sea_water" and "in_sea_water", which have different phrasetypes "(medium)" and "in_(medium)", so we have used the same phrase "sea_water" in both of them. To make these links apparent, the contents of the lexicon are set out below with semantically related phrasetypes grouped together. Because of the reuse of words in different phrases, like "sea" and "water", the 858 distinct phrases are composed of only 625 distinct words.

Uses

When a new standard name is proposed which can be constructed from existing phrases and following an existing pattern, this grammar will allow its correct construction to be verified. To help with this, the orderphrases Python script will put a set of phrases from the lexicon in the order they should have according to existing patterns. For instance,

$ orderphrases -n -L lexicon patterns at_sea_water_surface shortwave_flux net_downward
net_downward_shortwave_flux_at_sea_water_surface

That may save effort in searching the table for template patterns, and detect syntax and spelling mistakes. Sometimes there is more than one possible order e.g. the phrases "integral_of air temperature deficit wrt time" could be rearranged as "integral_of air time deficit wrt temperature". Furthermore there are plenty of possible names which conform to the rules but are nonsense, such as "tropopause omnidirectional photosynthetic eliassen_palm_flux in_soil_pores emerging_from_sea_water". This is a grandiose example of what Roy Lowry has called the "green dog" problem, and it shows why new standard names are approved manually rather than being automatically added to the table.

When a new phrase is needed, comparison with existing phrases of the same phrasetype in the lexicon may help in devising it. When a new pattern is needed, looking at the list of existing patterns should provide a good way to work out how to extend the syntax. Both the lexicon and the list of patterns may change for each successive version of the CF standard name table.

Proposed new standard names can be tested using the parsenames Python script, which requires the cf_standard_names Python module and reads the plain-text lexicon file. This script first splits up names into phrases, then optionally replaces phrases with phrasetypes to produce standard name patterns, which it finally reduces to a distinct list. The list of patterns in the grammar are produced by processing the standard name table xml file with the parsenames script, using the command

parsenames -X cf-standard-name-table.xml lexicon

This command also reports if there are any phrases in the lexicon which are not used in any standard name.

Derivation

This work was stimulated by Robert Muetzelfeldt's initiative to produce a grammar for CF standard names based on the existing guidelines for construction of CF standard names. As Robert found, there are many standard names which do not follow the guidelines currently stated, because we have adopted many other syntactic patterns in practice, without writing them down. Rather than codifying these rules purely manually by inspection of the table, I thought it would be interesting to see whether the unstated grammar could be inferred automatically from the standard name table.

As a first step, I used a script which deduced likely phrases for the lexicon. This worked by iterating the following algorithm, starting with the list of standard names:

Split all names into phrases of contiguous words of all possible lengths e.g. from "mass_concentration_of_xylene_in_air" we have all these phrases: mass, concentration, of, xylene, in, air, mass_concentration, concentration_of, of_xylene, xylene_in, in_air, mass_concentration_of, concentration_of_xylene, of_xylene_in, xylene_in_air, mass_concentration_of_xylene, concentration_of_xylene_in, of_xylene_in_air, mass_concentration_of_xylene_in, concentration_of_xylene_in_air.
Count how many times each of these phrases occurs in the names.
For each phrase, multiply its count by its length in words.
Find the phrase with the biggest score, which therefore accounts for the largest number of words in the set of names. Record this phrase.
Delete this phrase from all the names.

The iteration ends when only single words remain, and these are added to the list of phrases.

The final list is a set of phrases into which the standard names can be parsed. I tuned this script in various ways; for instance, I forced it to regard some common phrases as indivisible. Even without tuning, however, the phrases it identified were remarkably close to what you would expect. The first three were "in air", "atmosphere mass content of", "tendency of"; "in air" wins, although it's only two words, because it is extremely common. The results of the script were a good basis, but required quite a lot of editing in order to reduce the number of phrases, and make them consistent in construction. For example, I split "atmosphere mass content of" into "atmosphere" and "mass content of", because "atmosphere" is needed as a phrase separately, and "mass content of" might be needed for other layers than atmosphere, (although it is not at present).

In the next step, I used a script to classify phrases into phrasetypes, as follows:

Parse all standard names into phrases (the first part of parsenames).
For each name, find all other names which differ in respect of only a single phrase e.g.
```
mass_concentration_of butane in_air
mass_concentration_of carbon_dioxide in_air
```
We take this to mean that "butane" and "carbon_dioxide" are phrases of the same type. This is called a "paradigmatic analysis" in linguistics. The same kind of analysis allows us to deduce from
```
drink a pint of milk a day
drink a pint of water a day
```
that "milk" and "water" are grammatically the same kind of word.
If neither of the phrases ("butane" or "carbon_dioxide" in this example) has been seen before, define a new phrasetype and assign both of them to it, or ...
If one of them has been seen before, assign the other one to the same phrasetype, or ...
If both of them have been seen before, and belong to the same phrasetype already, take no action, or ...
If both of them have been seen before, and are currently assigned to different phrasetypes, merge these phrasetypes. This last possibility is crucial, because it reduces the number of phrasetypes by combining information from differently patterned standard names.

The result is a lexicon, in which each phrase has been assigned a phrasetype. Replacing each phrase by its phrasetype in the parsed standard names produces a set of patterns for standard names.

Following this step, I did a lot more manual editing of the lexicon, in order to reduce the number of phrasetypes and patterns. For example, "clay" and "oxygen" were initially assigned different phrasetypes. After they have been manually assigned to the same phrasetype of "(species)", the standard names "volume_fraction_of_clay_in_soil" and "volume_fraction_of_oxygen_in_sea_water" can be recognised as instances of the same pattern. I also made seven changes to the standard name table itself to improve the analysis, and I will propose these changes to the CF email list.

snow_soot_content -> soot_content_of_surface_snow
snow_thermal_energy_content -> thermal_energy_content_of_surface_snow
snow_temperature -> temperature_in_snow
liquid_water_content_of_snow_layer -> liquid_water_content_of_surface_snow

"snow" can refer both to lying snow (a medium) and falling snow (a species). Existing standard names generally use "surface_snow" for the former, but not always. I propose these changes to remove the ambiguity.

```
water_vapor_pressure -> water_vapor_partial_pressure
```
This quantity is really a partial pressure, and making this change is consistent with the use of "partial_pressure" for "carbon_dioxide" in other names.
```
dissipation_in_atmosphere_boundary_layer -> kinetic_energy_dissipation_in_atmosphere_boundary_layer
```
This change is proposed because "dissipation" alone is vague, and it makes the name consistent with other names that contain the phrase "kinetic_energy_dissipation" referring to the ocean.
```
sea_ice_displacement -> magnitude_of_sea_ice_displacement
```
This change is proposed so that "sea_ice_displacement" is definitely a vector, with components e.g. "eastward_sea_ice_displacement"; at present, it is both a scalar and a vector.

Direction

An important question which has been raised is whether the purpose of CF standard names would be better served by having a set of attributes, one each for the various geophysical properties that standard names cover: component, surface, medium etc. This would have the advantage of not needing syntax, since separate attributes do not have an order, and it would make it easier to inspect the value of any of these separate properties. I think that these advantages are outweighed by several disadvantages:

Standard names are natural (English) language, albeit subject to extra rules and sometimes rather long. Sentences in natural language are easier for humans to read, remember and compare than sets of unconnected items. Presumably this is because we have special mental machinery for it.
Many standard names are familiar terminology, or close to it. This advantage would be lost if they were replaced with separate attributes.
Standard names exist to identify variables in files. If you need to find a particular variable in a file, you will do this by scanning the file and examining the attributes of each variable. It is far more convenient to examine one attribute than to examine many, whether it's a human or a program that's doing it. If there was a separate attribute for each phrasetype, that would make 36 attributes to inspect, disregarding the untyped phrases and the likelihood that some phrasetypes would be split up further on semantic grounds. Moreover if a new attribute is introduced, to describe a new kind of property, all the existing programs would have to be revised in order to check this new attribute as well. This is not necessary with the standard name, in which an irrevelant property is simply not mentioned, and programs do not require alteration. It is worth noting that the patterns contain about four phrases on average, implying that most of the possible categories are irrelevant for any given quantity.
In some cases, the order of phrases has information content e.g. functions and ratios. Separate attributes do not have an order, so could not convey these distinctions.
In some cases, more than one instance of a phrasetype may occur within a standard name e.g. products combine two other standard names. This would be awkward for separate attributes.

I think, on the other hand, that maintaining a comprehensive grammar will share a lot of the advantages suggested for separate attributes.

Using the grammar, the correct standard name can be constructed from the separate properties using orderphrases, as discussed above.
The grammar and parsenames offer a way to analyse a standard name into a set of separate attributes if required.

It would be straightforward to include canonical units in the lexicon. The scalar, vector, tensor and some untyped phrases imply particular canonical units e.g. "precipitation_flux" is in "kg m-2 s-1" and "effective_radius_of" is in "m", while the functions and some other untyped phrases imply a change, no change or a transformation of units e.g. "square_of" changes units "u" to "u²" and "product_of" gives units "uv" if the separate quantities have units "u" and "v". Units could then be generated automatically in most cases.

The number of patterns could evidently be greatly reduced if phrases were recognised as optional in patterns. That is the idea of the general syntax given in the existing guidelines viz.

[surface] [component] standard_name [at surface] [in medium] [due to process] [assuming condition]

This formula is not adequate for the present grammar, which distinguishes more phrasetypes and patterns, but the idea could be extended. Since I started off by seeing if the grammar could be deduced from the standard names, the patterns I ended up with are those which actually occur. The present grammar, whose patterns contain no optional elements, follows the usual CF philosophy of not making extensions until they are needed. A generalised pattern with optional elements would imply some combinations of elements that are not attested in the existing standard names. For example, there are no standard names at present which contain all three of

at_(surface) in_(medium) due_to_(phenomenon)

It would be a decision of principle whether patterns should be allowed because they are implied by a pattern with optional elements. Certainly, some extra rules would be needed to exclude some patterns; for instance, "(surface)" and "at_(surface)" are not permitted to occur in the same standard name.

Another way forward would be to introduce a hierarchy of parsing. The highest level would contain constructions involving "(function of)", "product_of" and other phrasetypes that are used to produce standard names from other standard names; these operations are already recognised in the existing guidelines as "Transformations" and Robert Muetzelfeldt treated them separately in his grammar. A lower level would deal with the addition of qualifiers such as "at_(surface)" to unqualified standard names. The bottom level would handle the constructions which generate the standard names of scalars, vector and tensors from other phrasetypes, such as "(quantity_of) (species)", and would decompose phrasetypes such as "at_(surface)". A system like this would be more complex to implement but would need a smaller number of patterns. The purpose of the grammar is to make things easier for humans who want to add standard names. How best to do that is an interesting subject for debate.

Lexicon

The first column lists phrasetypes. The second column lists phrases which are assigned to those phrasetypes. The sections of the table group phrasetypes which are related semantically. [Flat file]

untyped These words and phrases all have unique roles and are therefore not assigned a phrasetype.

and
angle of rotation from east to
angstrom exponent of
at maximum upward derivative
at shallowest local minimum in vertical profile
away from instrument
cloud
defined by
derivative of
effective radius of
expressed as
histogram of
integral of
integral wrt
mole ratio of
number content of
of
over
partial pressure difference between
product of
ratio of
to
wrt
scalar Names of scalar geophysical variables i.e. those with no spatial direction.

(scalar) absolute vorticity
absorption optical thickness
age of stratospheric air
age since surface contact
albedo
alkalinity expressed as mole equivalent
altimeter range
altimeter range correction
altitude
amount
angle of emergence
angle of incidence
area
area fraction
area type
atmosphere sleve coordinate
backscattering ratio
barotropic streamfunction
basal melt rate
baseflow amount
beaufort wind force
bedrock altitude
biharmonic diffusivity
binary mask
bioluminescent photon rate
bolus biharmonic diffusivity
bolus laplacian diffusivity
brightness temperature
brunt vaisala frequency
calving rate
canopy throughfall flux
carbon content
carbon flux
cell area
cell thickness
cloud radiative effect
condensed water content
coriolis parameter
density
depth
dew point depression
dew point temperature
difference of air pressure from model reference
diffusivity
dimensionless exner function
directional variance spectral density
draft
duration of sunshine
electrical conductivity
energy content
enthalpy content
epineutral biharmonic diffusivity
epineutral laplacian diffusivity
equilibrium line altitude
ertel potential vorticity
extent
forecast period
forecast reference time
foundation temperature
freeboard
freezing temperature
frequency
frozen water content
geopotential
geopotential height
graupel flux
grid latitude
grid longitude
heat content
heat diffusivity
height
horizontal streamfunction
horizontal velocity potential
humidity mixing ratio
hybrid height coordinate
hybrid sigma pressure coordinate
ice content
kinetic energy content
kinetic energy dissipation
laplacian diffusivity
latitude
leaf area index
liquid water content
ln pressure coordinate
longitude
longwave emissivity
longwave forcing
mass
mass streamfunction
mean period from variance spectral density
melt amount
melt and sublimation heat flux
melt flux
melt heat flux
meridional overturning mass streamfunction
meridional overturning streamfunction
microwave emissivity
mixing ratio
mixing scheme
model level number
moisture content
momentum diffusivity
net rate of absorption of longwave energy
net rate of absorption of shortwave energy
normalized difference vegetation index
ocean heat x transport
ocean heat y transport
ocean isopycnal layer thickness diffusivity
ocean mass x transport
ocean mass y transport
ocean montgomery potential
ocean rigid lid pressure
ocean s coordinate
ocean salt x transport
ocean salt y transport
ocean volume
omega
optical thickness
ozone content
partial pressure
period
ph reported on total scale
pitch angle
pitch rate
planetary albedo
platform course
platform orientation
platform speed
position
potential density
potential energy content
potential temperature
potential vorticity
precipitation amount
precipitation flux
precipitation rate
pressure
primary mole productivity of carbon
primary productivity of carbon
projection x coordinate
projection y coordinate
radiation frequency
radiation wavelength
radiative forcing
rainfall amount
rainfall flux
rainfall rate
realization
reference sea water density
reflectivity factor
region
relative humidity
relative vorticity
richardson number
roll angle
roll rate
root depth
runoff amount
runoff flux
salinity
salt diffusivity
saturation deficit
scattering angle
sea area
sea ice x displacement
sea ice y displacement
sea level change
secchi depth
shortwave forcing
sigma coordinate
sigma t
sigma theta
significant height
skin temperature
snow density
snow grain size
snowfall amount
snowfall flux
snowfall rate
soil hydraulic conductivity
soil moisture content
soil porosity
soil suction
soil type
solar azimuth angle
solar elevation angle
solar zenith angle
soot content
sound frequency
sound intensity
sound intensity level
sound pressure
sound pressure level
specific convective available potential energy
specific dry energy
specific gravitational potential energy
specific humidity
specific kinetic energy
speed
speed of sound
sublimation amount
sublimation flux
subskin temperature
sulfate content
surface drag coefficient
surface roughness length
surface snow amount
surface specific mass balance
temperature
temperature flux
temperature lapse rate
temperature of sensor
thermal capacity
thermal conductivity
thermal energy content
thickness
thunderstorm probability
time
toa bidirectional reflectance
tracer diffusivity
transpiration amount
transpiration flux
variance spectral density
virtual temperature
visibility
volume
volume attenuated backwards scattering function
volume fraction
water amount
water content
water evaporation amount
water evaporation flux
water evaporation rate
water potential evaporation amount
water potential evaporation flux
water sublimation flux
water vapor content
wet bulb temperature
wind mixing energy flux
wind speed
wind speed shear
x coordinate index
y coordinate index
y overturning mass streamfunction
yaw angle
yaw rate
zenith angle
zero upcrossing period
vector Names of vector geophysical variables i.e. those which have a spatial direction.

(vector) convective mass flux
deep convective mass flux
eliassen palm flux
energy flux
energy transport
freshwater transport
geothermal heat flux
heat flux
heat transport
longwave flux
mole flux
ocean mass transport
photon flux
photon radiance
photon spherical irradiance
radar wave
radial vector
radiance
radiative flux
salt flux
salt transport
sea ice displacement
sea ice transport
shallow convective mass flux
shortwave flux
spherical irradiance
transformed eulerian mean air velocity
velocity
velocity of scatterers
virtual salt flux
water flux
water transport
water vapor flux
water vapor transport
water volume transport
wind
wind shear
tensor Names of tensor geophysical variables i.e. those which have two spatial directions.

(tensor) momentum flux
stress
pre_adjective Qualifying phrases which go before the names of geophysical variables.

(pre adjective) adjusted
basal
correction for model negative
dry
dry static
equivalent
global average
gross
instantaneous
isccp
latent
longwave
lwe
net
ocean eddy
photosynthetic
platform
pseudo equivalent
sensible
shortwave
spectral
steric
sublimation
sunlit
swell wave
thermosteric
vertical
vertical component of ocean xy
vertical mean
wave
wind wave
xy
post_adjective Qualifying phrases which go after the names of geophysical variables.

(post adjective) across line
amplitude
anomaly
at stp
at variance spectral density maximum
bias
change
correction
deficit
excess
excluding baseflow
for boussinesq approximation
for oxygen
of gust
threshold
component These phrases specify spatial components of vectors and tensors with respect to directions in physical space.

(component) diffuse downwelling
downdraft
downward
downwelling
eastward
horizontal
incoming
isotropic
net downward
net upward
northward
omnidirectional
outgoing
radial
sinking
updraft
upward
upwelling
grid_component These phrases specify spatial components of vectors and tensors with respect to directions on a numerical grid.

(grid component) x
y
dynamic Adjectives for describing the character of motion in a fluid.

(dynamic) baroclinic
barotropic
bolus
geostrophic
property Properties of the medium or its motion which can be transported e.g. by advection or diffusion.

(property) for heat
for (property) for momentum
momentum
tracer
quantity Extensive measures of the amount of matter.

(quantity of) equivalent pressure of
equivalent thickness at stp of
mass content of
mass of
mole content of
moles of
concentration Intensive measures of the amount of matter.

(concentration of) fractional saturation of
mass concentration of
mass fraction of
mole concentration of
mole fraction of
surface partial pressure of
volume fraction of
volume mixing ratio of
per_unit Qualifiers which convert extensive to intensive measures.

(per unit) across unit distance
per unit area
per unit mass
material_flux_of Flux of matter

(material flux of) mass flux of
mole flux of
species Names of chemical elements, chemical compounds, minerals, aerosols and biological species. Qualifiers which attribute a variable to the presence or activity of a particular species.

(species) acetic acid
by (species) aceto nitrile
due to (species) alkanes
alkenes
alpha hexachlorocyclohexane
alpha pinene
ambient aerosol
due to ambient aerosol
ammonia
ammonium
ammonium dry aerosol
anthropogenic nmvoc
aragonite
aromatic compounds
atomic bromine
atomic chlorine
atomic nitrogen
bacteria
benzene
beta pinene
biogenic nmvoc
due to black carbon ambient aerosol
black carbon dry aerosol
bromine
bromine chloride
bromine monoxide
bromine nitrate
brox
butane
by calcareous phytoplankton
calcareous phytoplankton
calcite
carbon
carbon dioxide
carbon monoxide
carbon tetrachloride
carbonate
cfc11
cfc113
cfc113a
cfc114
cfc115
cfc12
chlorine
chlorine dioxide
chlorine monoxide
chlorine nitrate
chlorophyll
chlorophyll a
clay
clox
condensed water
by diatoms
diatoms
by diazotrophs
diazotrophs
dichlorine peroxide
dimethyl sulfide
dinitrogen pentoxide
dissolved inorganic carbon
dissolved inorganic iron
dissolved inorganic nitrogen
dissolved inorganic phosphate
dissolved inorganic phosphorus
dissolved inorganic silicate
dissolved inorganic silicon
dissolved iron
dissolved molecular oxygen
dissolved organic carbon
due to dissolved organic matter
due to dust ambient aerosol
dust dry aerosol
elemental nitrogen
ethane
ethanol
ethene
ethyne
flagellates
formaldehyde
formic acid
frozen water
gaseous divalent mercury
gaseous elemental mercury
graupel
halon1202
halon1211
halon1301
halon2402
hcc140a
hcfc141b
hcfc142b
hcfc22
hexachlorobiphenyl
hox
hydrogen
hydrogen bromide
hydrogen chloride
hydrogen cyanide
hydrogen peroxide
hydroperoxyl radical
hydroxyl radical
hypobromous acid
hypochlorous acid
ice
inorganic bromine
inorganic chlorine
inorganic nitrogen
iron
isoprene
limonene
liquid water
mercury dry aerosol
mesozooplankton
methane
methanol
methyl bromide
methyl chloride
methyl hydroperoxide
methyl peroxy radical
microzooplankton
by miscellaneous phytoplankton
miscellaneous phytoplankton
miscellaneous zooplankton
molecular hydrogen
molecular oxygen
nitrate
nitrate and nitrite
nitrate dry aerosol
nitrate radical
nitric acid
nitric acid trihydrate ambient aerosol
nitrite
nitrogen
nitrogen dioxide
nitrogen monoxide
nitrous acid
nitrous oxide
nmvoc
nox
noy
organic detritus
oxygen
oxygenated hydrocarbons
ozone
particulate iron
particulate matter
particulate organic matter
due to particulate organic matter ambient aerosol
particulate organic matter dry aerosol
particulate organic nitrogen
particulate organic phosphorus
particulate silicon
peroxy radicals
peroxyacetyl nitrate
peroxynitric acid
phosphate
phosphorus
by phytoplankton
phytoplankton
by picophytoplankton
picophytoplankton
due to pm10 ambient aerosol
pm10 ambient aerosol
due to pm1 ambient aerosol
pm1 ambient aerosol
due to pm2p5 ambient aerosol
pm2p5 ambient aerosol
precipitation
primary particulate organic matter dry aerosol
propane
propene
radon
rain
sand
due to seasalt ambient aerosol
seasalt dry aerosol
secondary particulate organic matter dry aerosol
silicate
silicon
silt
snow
sulfate
due to sulfate ambient aerosol
sulfate ambient aerosol
sulfate dry aerosol
sulfur dioxide
sulfur dry aerosol
sulfuric acid
suspended matter
terpenes
toluene
unfrozen water
water
due to water in ambient aerosol
water in ambient aerosol
water vapor
xylene
zooplankton
particles Names of particles of condensed matter within a fluid medium.

(particles) aerosol particles
cloud droplets
graupel particle
ice crystals
ice particle
liquid water particle
rain particle
snow particle
phenomenon Names of processes and phenomena. Qualifiers which attribute an effect to a particular process or phenomenon.

(phenomenon) due to accretion to rain
due to (phenomenon) due to accretion to snow
due to advection
due to advection and bolus advection
due to aggregation
due to air pressure and wind at high frequency
due to air pressure at low frequency
due to autoconversion
due to autoconversion to rain
due to autoconversion to snow
due to background
due to bergeron findeisen process from cloud liquid
due to bergeron findeisen process to cloud ice
due to biological processes
due to biological production
biomass burning
due to bolus advection
due to bolus transport
due to boundary layer mixing
due to change in sigma coordinate wrt surface pressure
due to cloud
due to cloud microphysics
due to condensation and evaporation
due to condensation and evaporation from boundary layer mixing
due to condensation and evaporation from convection
due to condensation and evaporation from longwave heating
due to condensation and evaporation from pressure change
due to condensation and evaporation from shortwave heating
due to condensation and evaporation from turbulence
due to convection
due to convective cloud
due to convective detrainment
due to deep convection
due to denitrification and sedimentation
due to deposition and fixation and runoff
due to deposition and runoff and sediment dissolution
due to deposition and sublimation
due to diabatic processes
due to diffusion
due to dissolution
due to dissolution from inorganic particles
due to dry convection
due to dry deposition
due to dry deposition into stomata
due to dry troposphere
due to dynamics
due to earth tide
due to eddy advection
due to eliassen palm flux divergence
due to emission
due to equilibrium ocean tide
due to evaporation
due to evaporation of melting ice
due to fixation
due to form drag
from icebergs
from rivers
from rivers and surface downward water flux
due to geocentric ocean tide
due to gravitational settling
due to gravity wave drag
due to grazing of phytoplankton
due to gyre
due to heterogeneous nucleation
due to heterogeneous nucleation from cloud liquid water
due to heterogeneous nucleation from water vapor
heterotrophic respiration
due to homogeneous nucleation
due to horizontal mixing
due to iceberg thermodynamics
due to icefall
due to ionosphere
due to isostatic adjustment
due to longwave heating
due to melting from cloud ice
due to melting to cloud liquid water
due to melting to rain
due to model physics
due to moist convection
due to net chemical production
due to net chemical production and emission
due to net primary production
due to newtonian relaxation
due to nitrate utilization
due to non equilibrium ocean tide
due to nonorographic eastward gravity waves
due to nonorographic gravity wave drag
due to nonorographic westward gravity waves
due to numerical artefacts
due to orographic gravity wave drag
due to orographic gravity waves
due to overturning
plant respiration
due to pole tide
due to radiative heating
due to rainfall
due to re emission
due to riming
due to riming from cloud liquid water
due to riming from rain
due to runoff
due to runoff and sediment dissolution
due to scavenging by inorganic particles
due to sea ice thermodynamics
due to sea surface roughness
due to sedimentation
due to shallow convection
due to shortwave heating
due to snow thermodynamics
soil respiration
due to stratiform cloud
due to stratiform cloud and precipitation and boundary layer mixing
due to stratiform precipitation
due to thermodynamics
due to tides
due to turbulence
due to turbulent deposition
due to turbulent depostion
due to vertical friction
due to vertical mixing
due to wet deposition
due to wet troposphere
due to wind mixing
due to xy friction
cloud_type Adjectives which describe cloud and precipitation processes

(cloud type) convective
large scale
stratiform
medium Names of physical media. Qualifiers which attribute variables to a medium, or which relate the direction of a vector to a medium.

(medium) emerging from sea water
in (medium) from soil
of (medium) into sea water
(preposition) (medium) out of sea ice and sea water
out of sea water
reflected by sea water
air
in air
of air
in atmosphere boundary layer
in atmosphere layer
in floating ice
ground
litter
in ocean layer
in sea ice
in sea water
of sea water
sea water
in snow
in soil
soil
in soil moisture
in soil pores
in water
frequency_moment Qualifiers which describe measures of wave spectra.

(frequency moment) first frequency moment
inverse frequency moment
second frequency moment
condition Qualifiers which indicate that a variable has been calculated assuming a certain, possibly hypothetical, physical state.

(assuming condition) assuming clear sky
assuming deep snow
assuming no aerosol or cloud
assuming no snow
assuming no tide
assuming sea level for geoid
at critical point
at field capacity
at saturation
at wilting point
without flux correction
status Names of particular circumstances

(status) above threshold
aragonite undersaturation
below threshold
calcite undersaturation
coordinate_or_extent_of Where, when or for how long

(coordinate or extent of) minimum depth of
number of days with
spell length of days with
surface Names of geophysical surfaces. Qualifiers which indicate that a variable applies on a particular surface, or on some level related to a surface, or which relate the direction of a vector to a surface.

(surface) above geoid
at (surface) above reference ellipsoid
(preposition) (surface) above sea floor
above sea level
below geoid
below sea level
below sea surface
below surface
from canopy
onto canopy
at base of ocean mixed layer
canopy
canopy and surface
at cloud base
cloud base
at cloud top
cloud top
at convective cloud base
at convective cloud top
dynamic tropopause
at freezing level
freezing level
geoid
at ground level
at sea floor
sea floor
at sea ice base
at sea level
sea surface
at sea water surface
subsurface
surface
toa
at top of atmosphere boundary layer
at top of atmosphere model
at top of dry convection
tropopause
layer Names of geophysical layers. Qualifiers which attribute a variable to a layer.

(layer) atmosphere
of (layer) atmosphere boundary layer
of atmosphere layer
floating ice
land
land ice
middle atmosphere
ocean
of ocean layer
ocean mixed layer
sea
sea ice
of soil layer
of surface snow
surface snow
surface snow and ice
troposphere
vegetation
function These phrases are used to derive standard names from other standard names.

(function of) backwards scattering coefficient of
change in
change over time in
depth of isosurface of
direction of
divergence of
lagrangian tendency of
magnitude of
minus one times
square of
tendency of
thickness of
volume absorption coefficient of
volume attenuation coefficient of
volume backwards scattering coefficient of
volume beam attenuation coefficient of
volume scattering coefficient of
volume scattering function of
direction These phrases are used to construct names for the direction of a vector, in cases where the function "direction_of" might be ambiguous.

(direction) from direction
to direction

Patterns

The first column is the number of and a link to the standard names which follow this pattern. [Flat file]

16 (cloud_type) (scalar)
4 (cloud_type) (surface) (scalar)
4 (cloud_type) cloud (scalar)
2 (cloud_type) cloud (scalar) in_(medium)
4 (component) (component) (tensor) at_(surface)
2 (component) (component) (tensor) in_(medium)
5 (component) (component) (tensor) in_(medium) due_to_(phenomenon)
2 (component) (grid_component) (tensor) at_(surface)
3 (component) (layer) (pre_adjective) (vector)
2 (component) (layer) (pre_adjective) (vector) (per_unit)
6 (component) (layer) (vector)
4 (component) (layer) (vector) (per_unit)
12 (component) (layer) (vector) due_to_(phenomenon)
3 (component) (material_flux_of) (medium)
3 (component) (material_flux_of) (species) expressed_as (species) in_(medium)
4 (component) (material_flux_of) (species) in_(medium)
4 (component) (medium) (vector)
2 (component) (medium) (vector) (assuming_condition)
1 (component) (medium) (vector) away_from_instrument
2 (component) (pre_adjective) (vector) due_to_(phenomenon)
27 (component) (pre_adjective) (vector) in_(medium)
2 (component) (tensor) (post_adjective)
11 (component) (vector)
2 (component) (vector) (per_unit) in_(medium)
2 (component) (vector) at_(surface)
4 (component) (vector) at_(surface) in_(medium)
1 (component) (vector) away_from_instrument
23 (component) (vector) in_(medium)
8 (component) (vector) in_(medium) (assuming_condition)
3 (component) (vector) in_(medium) due_to_(phenomenon)
5 (concentration_of) (cloud_type) cloud (species) in_(medium)
1 (concentration_of) (species) (post_adjective) in_(medium)
72 (concentration_of) (species) expressed_as (species) in_(medium)
2 (concentration_of) (species) expressed_as (species) in_(medium) (assuming_condition)
400 (concentration_of) (species) in_(medium)
3 (concentration_of) (species) in_(medium) (assuming_condition)
1 (concentration_of) (species) in_(medium) at_shallowest_local_minimum_in_vertical_profile
3 (concentration_of) cloud (species) in_(medium)
4 (coordinate_or_extent_of) (medium) (scalar) (status)
3 (coordinate_or_extent_of) (pre_adjective) (function_of) (scalar) (status)
1 (coordinate_or_extent_of) (scalar) (status)
2 (coordinate_or_extent_of) (status) in_(medium)
7 (dynamic) (component) (medium) (vector)
2 (dynamic) (component) (vector)
4 (dynamic) (medium) (grid_component) (vector)
4 (function_of) (cloud_type) (scalar)
2 (function_of) (component) (medium) (vector)
1 (function_of) (component) (medium) (vector) due_to_(phenomenon)
5 (function_of) (component) (vector)
12 (function_of) (component) (vector) due_to_(phenomenon)
1 (function_of) (component) (vector) in_(medium)
3 (function_of) (concentration_of) (cloud_type) cloud (species) in_(medium)
43 (function_of) (concentration_of) (cloud_type) cloud (species) in_(medium) due_to_(phenomenon)
6 (function_of) (concentration_of) (species) expressed_as (species) in_(medium) due_to_(phenomenon)
5 (function_of) (concentration_of) (species) expressed_as (species) in_(medium) due_to_(phenomenon) by_(species)
10 (function_of) (concentration_of) (species) in_(medium) due_to_(phenomenon)
3 (function_of) (concentration_of) cloud (species) in_(medium)
5 (function_of) (concentration_of) cloud (species) in_(medium) due_to_(phenomenon)
1 (function_of) (function_of) (medium) (scalar)
1 (function_of) (layer) (pre_adjective) (scalar)
101 (function_of) (layer) (quantity_of) (species)
133 (function_of) (layer) (quantity_of) (species) due_to_(phenomenon)
8 (function_of) (layer) (quantity_of) (species) expressed_as (species)
7 (function_of) (layer) (quantity_of) (species) expressed_as (species) due_to_(phenomenon)
5 (function_of) (layer) (scalar)
1 (function_of) (layer) (scalar) (per_unit)
1 (function_of) (layer) (scalar) (per_unit) due_to_(phenomenon)
1 (function_of) (layer) (scalar) defined_by (scalar)
17 (function_of) (layer) (scalar) due_to_(phenomenon)
2 (function_of) (layer) (vector)
4 (function_of) (layer) number_content_of (particles) due_to_(phenomenon)
8 (function_of) (medium) (scalar)
23 (function_of) (medium) (scalar) due_to_(phenomenon)
2 (function_of) (medium) (scalar) due_to_(phenomenon) (assuming_condition)
1 (function_of) (medium) (vector)
1 (function_of) (pre_adjective) (scalar) due_to_(phenomenon)
2 (function_of) (pre_adjective) (scalar) of_(layer)
7 (function_of) (scalar)
8 (function_of) (scalar) due_to_(phenomenon)
1 (function_of) (scalar) in_(medium)
1 (function_of) (scalar) of_(layer)
10 (function_of) (scalar) of_(layer) due_to_(phenomenon)
1 (function_of) (surface) (component) (tensor)
1 (function_of) (surface) (component) (vector)
2 (function_of) (surface) (component) (vector) in_(medium)
1 (function_of) (surface) (medium) (scalar)
1 (function_of) (surface) (scalar)
1 (function_of) (surface) (scalar) (preposition)_(surface)
3 (function_of) (vector)
1 (function_of) (vector) (preposition)_(medium) due_to_(phenomenon)
1 (function_of) (vector) away_from_instrument
5 (function_of) (vector) in_(medium)
1 (function_of) (vector) in_(medium) due_to_(species)
3 (function_of) derivative_of (scalar) wrt (scalar)
2 (grid_component) (vector)
2 (grid_component) derivative_of (scalar)
2 (layer) (cloud_type) cloud (scalar)
2 (layer) (component) (tensor) due_to_(phenomenon)
5 (layer) (component) (vector)
1 (layer) (dynamic) (scalar)
4 (layer) (grid_component) (vector)
4 (layer) (pre_adjective) (grid_component) (vector)
10 (layer) (pre_adjective) (scalar)
8 (layer) (pre_adjective) (scalar) due_to_(phenomenon)
1 (layer) (pre_adjective) (vector)
4 (layer) (property) (pre_adjective) (scalar)
4 (layer) (property) (scalar)
1 (layer) (quantity_of) (medium) (per_unit)
182 (layer) (quantity_of) (species)
17 (layer) (quantity_of) (species) expressed_as (species)
62 (layer) (scalar)
1 (layer) (scalar) (per_unit)
2 (layer) (scalar) (per_unit) due_to_(phenomenon)
1 (layer) (scalar) defined_by (pre_adjective) (scalar)
4 (layer) (scalar) defined_by (scalar)
5 (layer) (scalar) due_to_(phenomenon)
15 (layer) (scalar) due_to_(species)
3 (layer) cloud (scalar)
1 (layer) integral_of (medium) (scalar) wrt (scalar)
3 (layer) number_content_of (particles)
2 (medium) (grid_component) (vector)
28 (medium) (scalar)
1 (medium) (scalar) (per_unit)
3 (medium) (scalar) (post_adjective)
9 (medium) (scalar) at_(surface)
4 (phenomenon) (scalar)
4 (pre_adjective) (cloud_type) (scalar)
4 (pre_adjective) (function_of) (cloud_type) (scalar)
1 (pre_adjective) (function_of) (layer) (scalar)
5 (pre_adjective) (function_of) (scalar)
2 (pre_adjective) (function_of) (scalar) of_(layer)
1 (pre_adjective) (function_of) (surface) (scalar)
2 (pre_adjective) (pre_adjective) (scalar)
21 (pre_adjective) (scalar)
6 (pre_adjective) (scalar) by_(species)
1 (pre_adjective) (scalar) due_to_(phenomenon)
2 (pre_adjective) (scalar) of_(layer)
1 (pre_adjective) cloud (scalar)
2 (quantity_of) (layer) (scalar)
7 (quantity_of) (species) (per_unit) in_(medium)
101 (scalar)
3 (scalar) (assuming_condition)
4 (scalar) (post_adjective)
1 (scalar) (post_adjective) due_to_(phenomenon)
1 (scalar) (post_adjective) in_(medium)
2 (scalar) (preposition)_(medium)
6 (scalar) (preposition)_(surface)
6 (scalar) at_(surface)
1 (scalar) at_(surface) defined_by (scalar)
1 (scalar) at_maximum_upward_derivative of_(medium) (scalar)
1 (scalar) at_shallowest_local_minimum_in_vertical_profile of (concentration_of) (species) in_(medium)
11 (scalar) due_to_(phenomenon)
3 (scalar) due_to_(phenomenon) expressed_as (vector) (preposition)_(medium)
1 (scalar) expressed_as (surface) (scalar) (preposition)_(surface)
4 (scalar) for_(property) in_(medium)
20 (scalar) in_(medium)
1 (scalar) in_(medium) (assuming_condition)
13 (scalar) of_(layer)
1 (scalar) of_(layer) (assuming_condition)
1 (scalar) of_(layer) due_to_(species)
5 (scalar) of_(medium)
3 (scalar) wrt (medium)
2 (species) (scalar)
2 (surface) (component) (component) (tensor)
2 (surface) (component) (grid_component) (tensor)
2 (surface) (component) (grid_component) (tensor) (post_adjective)
2 (surface) (component) (material_flux_of) (species)
1 (surface) (component) (material_flux_of) (species) expressed_as (species)
2 (surface) (component) (medium) (vector)
4 (surface) (component) (pre_adjective) (vector)
21 (surface) (component) (pre_adjective) (vector) in_(medium)
2 (surface) (component) (pre_adjective) (vector) in_(medium) (preposition)_(medium)
20 (surface) (component) (vector)
7 (surface) (component) (vector) (assuming_condition)
16 (surface) (component) (vector) in_(medium)
4 (surface) (component) (vector) in_(medium) (assuming_condition)
2 (surface) (component) (vector) in_(medium) (preposition)_(medium)
2 (surface) (dynamic) (component) (medium) (vector)
2 (surface) (dynamic) (component) (medium) (vector) (assuming_condition)
2 (surface) (dynamic) (medium) (grid_component) (vector)
2 (surface) (dynamic) (medium) (grid_component) (vector) (assuming_condition)
1 (surface) (function_of) (vector)
3 (surface) (medium) (scalar)
4 (surface) (pre_adjective) (direction)
24 (surface) (pre_adjective) (scalar)
9 (surface) (pre_adjective) (scalar) (frequency_moment)
1 (surface) (pre_adjective) (scalar) (post_adjective)
30 (surface) (scalar)
3 (surface) (scalar) (assuming_condition)
1 (surface) (scalar) (post_adjective)
8 (surface) (scalar) (post_adjective) due_to_(phenomenon)
7 (surface) (scalar) (preposition)_(surface)
1 (surface) (species) (vector)
3 (surface) (species) partial_pressure_difference_between (medium) and (medium)
1 (surface) ratio_of (component) (vector) (preposition)_(medium) to (component) (vector) in_(medium)
2 (vector) (direction)
4 (vector) (post_adjective)
4 (vector) (preposition)_(medium)
1 (vector) (preposition)_(medium) (assuming_condition)
17 (vector) (preposition)_(medium) due_to_(phenomenon)
2 angle_of_rotation_from_east_to (grid_component)
1 angstrom_exponent_of (species) in_(medium)
2 cloud (scalar)
1 cloud (scalar) in_(medium)
3 cloud (scalar) of_(layer)
2 cloud (species) (scalar)
9 effective_radius_of (cloud_type) cloud (particles)
1 histogram_of (pre_adjective) (scalar) over (scalar) (preposition)_(surface)
1 histogram_of (scalar) over (scalar) (preposition)_(surface)
2 integral_of (medium) (scalar) (post_adjective) wrt (scalar)
1 integral_of (medium) (scalar) wrt (scalar) expressed_as (scalar)
1 integral_of (medium) (scalar) wrt (scalar) in_(medium)
2 integral_of (surface) (component) (component) (tensor) wrt (scalar)
2 integral_of (surface) (component) (pre_adjective) (vector) wrt (scalar)
2 integral_of (surface) (component) (vector) in_(medium) wrt (scalar)
4 integral_of (surface) (component) (vector) wrt (scalar)
1 integral_wrt (scalar) of (function_of) (medium) (scalar)
1 integral_wrt (scalar) of (function_of) (medium) (scalar) due_to_(phenomenon)
1 mole_ratio_of (species) to (species) in_(medium)
1 product_of (component) (medium) (vector) and (medium) (scalar)
5 product_of (component) (medium) (vector) and (scalar)
2 product_of (component) (vector) and (component) (medium) (vector)
1 product_of (component) (vector) and (component) (vector)
2 product_of (component) (vector) and (medium) (scalar)
6 product_of (component) (vector) and (scalar)
2 product_of (medium) (scalar) and (scalar)
1 product_of (scalar) and (medium) (scalar)
3 product_of (scalar) and (scalar)
2 ratio_of (grid_component) derivative_of (scalar) to (surface) (scalar)

Standard names

Each standard name is a link to its analysis into one of the patterns.

untyped These words and phrases all have unique roles and are therefore not assigned a phrasetype.
	and
	angle of rotation from east to
	angstrom exponent of
	at maximum upward derivative
	at shallowest local minimum in vertical profile
	away from instrument
	cloud
	defined by
	derivative of
	effective radius of
	expressed as
	histogram of
	integral of
	integral wrt
	mole ratio of
	number content of
	of
	over
	partial pressure difference between
	product of
	ratio of
	to
	wrt
scalar Names of scalar geophysical variables i.e. those with no spatial direction.
(scalar)	absolute vorticity
	absorption optical thickness
	age of stratospheric air
	age since surface contact
	albedo
	alkalinity expressed as mole equivalent
	altimeter range
	altimeter range correction
	altitude
	amount
	angle of emergence
	angle of incidence
	area
	area fraction
	area type
	atmosphere sleve coordinate
	backscattering ratio
	barotropic streamfunction
	basal melt rate
	baseflow amount
	beaufort wind force
	bedrock altitude
	biharmonic diffusivity
	binary mask
	bioluminescent photon rate
	bolus biharmonic diffusivity
	bolus laplacian diffusivity
	brightness temperature
	brunt vaisala frequency
	calving rate
	canopy throughfall flux
	carbon content
	carbon flux
	cell area
	cell thickness
	cloud radiative effect
	condensed water content
	coriolis parameter
	density
	depth
	dew point depression
	dew point temperature
	difference of air pressure from model reference
	diffusivity
	dimensionless exner function
	directional variance spectral density
	draft
	duration of sunshine
	electrical conductivity
	energy content
	enthalpy content
	epineutral biharmonic diffusivity
	epineutral laplacian diffusivity
	equilibrium line altitude
	ertel potential vorticity
	extent
	forecast period
	forecast reference time
	foundation temperature
	freeboard
	freezing temperature
	frequency
	frozen water content
	geopotential
	geopotential height
	graupel flux
	grid latitude
	grid longitude
	heat content
	heat diffusivity
	height
	horizontal streamfunction
	horizontal velocity potential
	humidity mixing ratio
	hybrid height coordinate
	hybrid sigma pressure coordinate
	ice content
	kinetic energy content
	kinetic energy dissipation
	laplacian diffusivity
	latitude
	leaf area index
	liquid water content
	ln pressure coordinate
	longitude
	longwave emissivity
	longwave forcing
	mass
	mass streamfunction
	mean period from variance spectral density
	melt amount
	melt and sublimation heat flux
	melt flux
	melt heat flux
	meridional overturning mass streamfunction
	meridional overturning streamfunction
	microwave emissivity
	mixing ratio
	mixing scheme
	model level number
	moisture content
	momentum diffusivity
	net rate of absorption of longwave energy
	net rate of absorption of shortwave energy
	normalized difference vegetation index
	ocean heat x transport
	ocean heat y transport
	ocean isopycnal layer thickness diffusivity
	ocean mass x transport
	ocean mass y transport
	ocean montgomery potential
	ocean rigid lid pressure
	ocean s coordinate
	ocean salt x transport
	ocean salt y transport
	ocean volume
	omega
	optical thickness
	ozone content
	partial pressure
	period
	ph reported on total scale
	pitch angle
	pitch rate
	planetary albedo
	platform course
	platform orientation
	platform speed
	position
	potential density
	potential energy content
	potential temperature
	potential vorticity
	precipitation amount
	precipitation flux
	precipitation rate
	pressure
	primary mole productivity of carbon
	primary productivity of carbon
	projection x coordinate
	projection y coordinate
	radiation frequency
	radiation wavelength
	radiative forcing
	rainfall amount
	rainfall flux
	rainfall rate
	realization
	reference sea water density
	reflectivity factor
	region
	relative humidity
	relative vorticity
	richardson number
	roll angle
	roll rate
	root depth
	runoff amount
	runoff flux
	salinity
	salt diffusivity
	saturation deficit
	scattering angle
	sea area
	sea ice x displacement
	sea ice y displacement
	sea level change
	secchi depth
	shortwave forcing
	sigma coordinate
	sigma t
	sigma theta
	significant height
	skin temperature
	snow density
	snow grain size
	snowfall amount
	snowfall flux
	snowfall rate
	soil hydraulic conductivity
	soil moisture content
	soil porosity
	soil suction
	soil type
	solar azimuth angle
	solar elevation angle
	solar zenith angle
	soot content
	sound frequency
	sound intensity
	sound intensity level
	sound pressure
	sound pressure level
	specific convective available potential energy
	specific dry energy
	specific gravitational potential energy
	specific humidity
	specific kinetic energy
	speed
	speed of sound
	sublimation amount
	sublimation flux
	subskin temperature
	sulfate content
	surface drag coefficient
	surface roughness length
	surface snow amount
	surface specific mass balance
	temperature
	temperature flux
	temperature lapse rate
	temperature of sensor
	thermal capacity
	thermal conductivity
	thermal energy content
	thickness
	thunderstorm probability
	time
	toa bidirectional reflectance
	tracer diffusivity
	transpiration amount
	transpiration flux
	variance spectral density
	virtual temperature
	visibility
	volume
	volume attenuated backwards scattering function
	volume fraction
	water amount
	water content
	water evaporation amount
	water evaporation flux
	water evaporation rate
	water potential evaporation amount
	water potential evaporation flux
	water sublimation flux
	water vapor content
	wet bulb temperature
	wind mixing energy flux
	wind speed
	wind speed shear
	x coordinate index
	y coordinate index
	y overturning mass streamfunction
	yaw angle
	yaw rate
	zenith angle
	zero upcrossing period
vector Names of vector geophysical variables i.e. those which have a spatial direction.
(vector)	convective mass flux
	deep convective mass flux
	eliassen palm flux
	energy flux
	energy transport
	freshwater transport
	geothermal heat flux
	heat flux
	heat transport
	longwave flux
	mole flux
	ocean mass transport
	photon flux
	photon radiance
	photon spherical irradiance
	radar wave
	radial vector
	radiance
	radiative flux
	salt flux
	salt transport
	sea ice displacement
	sea ice transport
	shallow convective mass flux
	shortwave flux
	spherical irradiance
	transformed eulerian mean air velocity
	velocity
	velocity of scatterers
	virtual salt flux
	water flux
	water transport
	water vapor flux
	water vapor transport
	water volume transport
	wind
	wind shear
tensor Names of tensor geophysical variables i.e. those which have two spatial directions.
(tensor)	momentum flux
	stress
pre_adjective Qualifying phrases which go before the names of geophysical variables.
(pre adjective)	adjusted
	basal
	correction for model negative
	dry
	dry static
	equivalent
	global average
	gross
	instantaneous
	isccp
	latent
	longwave
	lwe
	net
	ocean eddy
	photosynthetic
	platform
	pseudo equivalent
	sensible
	shortwave
	spectral
	steric
	sublimation
	sunlit
	swell wave
	thermosteric
	vertical
	vertical component of ocean xy
	vertical mean
	wave
	wind wave
	xy
post_adjective Qualifying phrases which go after the names of geophysical variables.
(post adjective)	across line
	amplitude
	anomaly
	at stp
	at variance spectral density maximum
	bias
	change
	correction
	deficit
	excess
	excluding baseflow
	for boussinesq approximation
	for oxygen
	of gust
	threshold
component These phrases specify spatial components of vectors and tensors with respect to directions in physical space.
(component)	diffuse downwelling
	downdraft
	downward
	downwelling
	eastward
	horizontal
	incoming
	isotropic
	net downward
	net upward
	northward
	omnidirectional
	outgoing
	radial
	sinking
	updraft
	upward
	upwelling
grid_component These phrases specify spatial components of vectors and tensors with respect to directions on a numerical grid.
(grid component)	x
	y
dynamic Adjectives for describing the character of motion in a fluid.
(dynamic)	baroclinic
	barotropic
	bolus
	geostrophic
property Properties of the medium or its motion which can be transported e.g. by advection or diffusion.
(property)	for heat
for (property)	for momentum
	momentum
	tracer
quantity Extensive measures of the amount of matter.
(quantity of)	equivalent pressure of
	equivalent thickness at stp of
	mass content of
	mass of
	mole content of
	moles of
concentration Intensive measures of the amount of matter.
(concentration of)	fractional saturation of
	mass concentration of
	mass fraction of
	mole concentration of
	mole fraction of
	surface partial pressure of
	volume fraction of
	volume mixing ratio of
per_unit Qualifiers which convert extensive to intensive measures.
(per unit)	across unit distance
	per unit area
	per unit mass
material_flux_of Flux of matter
(material flux of)	mass flux of
	mole flux of
species Names of chemical elements, chemical compounds, minerals, aerosols and biological species. Qualifiers which attribute a variable to the presence or activity of a particular species.
(species)	acetic acid
by (species)	aceto nitrile
due to (species)	alkanes
	alkenes
	alpha hexachlorocyclohexane
	alpha pinene
	ambient aerosol
	due to ambient aerosol
	ammonia
	ammonium
	ammonium dry aerosol
	anthropogenic nmvoc
	aragonite
	aromatic compounds
	atomic bromine
	atomic chlorine
	atomic nitrogen
	bacteria
	benzene
	beta pinene
	biogenic nmvoc
	due to black carbon ambient aerosol
	black carbon dry aerosol
	bromine
	bromine chloride
	bromine monoxide
	bromine nitrate
	brox
	butane
	by calcareous phytoplankton
	calcareous phytoplankton
	calcite
	carbon
	carbon dioxide
	carbon monoxide
	carbon tetrachloride
	carbonate
	cfc11
	cfc113
	cfc113a
	cfc114
	cfc115
	cfc12
	chlorine
	chlorine dioxide
	chlorine monoxide
	chlorine nitrate
	chlorophyll
	chlorophyll a
	clay
	clox
	condensed water
	by diatoms
	diatoms
	by diazotrophs
	diazotrophs
	dichlorine peroxide
	dimethyl sulfide
	dinitrogen pentoxide
	dissolved inorganic carbon
	dissolved inorganic iron
	dissolved inorganic nitrogen
	dissolved inorganic phosphate
	dissolved inorganic phosphorus
	dissolved inorganic silicate
	dissolved inorganic silicon
	dissolved iron
	dissolved molecular oxygen
	dissolved organic carbon
	due to dissolved organic matter
	due to dust ambient aerosol
	dust dry aerosol
	elemental nitrogen
	ethane
	ethanol
	ethene
	ethyne
	flagellates
	formaldehyde
	formic acid
	frozen water
	gaseous divalent mercury
	gaseous elemental mercury
	graupel
	halon1202
	halon1211
	halon1301
	halon2402
	hcc140a
	hcfc141b
	hcfc142b
	hcfc22
	hexachlorobiphenyl
	hox
	hydrogen
	hydrogen bromide
	hydrogen chloride
	hydrogen cyanide
	hydrogen peroxide
	hydroperoxyl radical
	hydroxyl radical
	hypobromous acid
	hypochlorous acid
	ice
	inorganic bromine
	inorganic chlorine
	inorganic nitrogen
	iron
	isoprene
	limonene
	liquid water
	mercury dry aerosol
	mesozooplankton
	methane
	methanol
	methyl bromide
	methyl chloride
	methyl hydroperoxide
	methyl peroxy radical
	microzooplankton
	by miscellaneous phytoplankton
	miscellaneous phytoplankton
	miscellaneous zooplankton
	molecular hydrogen
	molecular oxygen
	nitrate
	nitrate and nitrite
	nitrate dry aerosol
	nitrate radical
	nitric acid
	nitric acid trihydrate ambient aerosol
	nitrite
	nitrogen
	nitrogen dioxide
	nitrogen monoxide
	nitrous acid
	nitrous oxide
	nmvoc
	nox
	noy
	organic detritus
	oxygen
	oxygenated hydrocarbons
	ozone
	particulate iron
	particulate matter
	particulate organic matter
	due to particulate organic matter ambient aerosol
	particulate organic matter dry aerosol
	particulate organic nitrogen
	particulate organic phosphorus
	particulate silicon
	peroxy radicals
	peroxyacetyl nitrate
	peroxynitric acid
	phosphate
	phosphorus
	by phytoplankton
	phytoplankton
	by picophytoplankton
	picophytoplankton
	due to pm10 ambient aerosol
	pm10 ambient aerosol
	due to pm1 ambient aerosol
	pm1 ambient aerosol
	due to pm2p5 ambient aerosol
	pm2p5 ambient aerosol
	precipitation
	primary particulate organic matter dry aerosol
	propane
	propene
	radon
	rain
	sand
	due to seasalt ambient aerosol
	seasalt dry aerosol
	secondary particulate organic matter dry aerosol
	silicate
	silicon
	silt
	snow
	sulfate
	due to sulfate ambient aerosol
	sulfate ambient aerosol
	sulfate dry aerosol
	sulfur dioxide
	sulfur dry aerosol
	sulfuric acid
	suspended matter
	terpenes
	toluene
	unfrozen water
	water
	due to water in ambient aerosol
	water in ambient aerosol
	water vapor
	xylene
	zooplankton
particles Names of particles of condensed matter within a fluid medium.
(particles)	aerosol particles
	cloud droplets
	graupel particle
	ice crystals
	ice particle
	liquid water particle
	rain particle
	snow particle
phenomenon Names of processes and phenomena. Qualifiers which attribute an effect to a particular process or phenomenon.
(phenomenon)	due to accretion to rain
due to (phenomenon)	due to accretion to snow
	due to advection
	due to advection and bolus advection
	due to aggregation
	due to air pressure and wind at high frequency
	due to air pressure at low frequency
	due to autoconversion
	due to autoconversion to rain
	due to autoconversion to snow
	due to background
	due to bergeron findeisen process from cloud liquid
	due to bergeron findeisen process to cloud ice
	due to biological processes
	due to biological production
	biomass burning
	due to bolus advection
	due to bolus transport
	due to boundary layer mixing
	due to change in sigma coordinate wrt surface pressure
	due to cloud
	due to cloud microphysics
	due to condensation and evaporation
	due to condensation and evaporation from boundary layer mixing
	due to condensation and evaporation from convection
	due to condensation and evaporation from longwave heating
	due to condensation and evaporation from pressure change
	due to condensation and evaporation from shortwave heating
	due to condensation and evaporation from turbulence
	due to convection
	due to convective cloud
	due to convective detrainment
	due to deep convection
	due to denitrification and sedimentation
	due to deposition and fixation and runoff
	due to deposition and runoff and sediment dissolution
	due to deposition and sublimation
	due to diabatic processes
	due to diffusion
	due to dissolution
	due to dissolution from inorganic particles
	due to dry convection
	due to dry deposition
	due to dry deposition into stomata
	due to dry troposphere
	due to dynamics
	due to earth tide
	due to eddy advection
	due to eliassen palm flux divergence
	due to emission
	due to equilibrium ocean tide
	due to evaporation
	due to evaporation of melting ice
	due to fixation
	due to form drag
	from icebergs
	from rivers
	from rivers and surface downward water flux
	due to geocentric ocean tide
	due to gravitational settling
	due to gravity wave drag
	due to grazing of phytoplankton
	due to gyre
	due to heterogeneous nucleation
	due to heterogeneous nucleation from cloud liquid water
	due to heterogeneous nucleation from water vapor
	heterotrophic respiration
	due to homogeneous nucleation
	due to horizontal mixing
	due to iceberg thermodynamics
	due to icefall
	due to ionosphere
	due to isostatic adjustment
	due to longwave heating
	due to melting from cloud ice
	due to melting to cloud liquid water
	due to melting to rain
	due to model physics
	due to moist convection
	due to net chemical production
	due to net chemical production and emission
	due to net primary production
	due to newtonian relaxation
	due to nitrate utilization
	due to non equilibrium ocean tide
	due to nonorographic eastward gravity waves
	due to nonorographic gravity wave drag
	due to nonorographic westward gravity waves
	due to numerical artefacts
	due to orographic gravity wave drag
	due to orographic gravity waves
	due to overturning
	plant respiration
	due to pole tide
	due to radiative heating
	due to rainfall
	due to re emission
	due to riming
	due to riming from cloud liquid water
	due to riming from rain
	due to runoff
	due to runoff and sediment dissolution
	due to scavenging by inorganic particles
	due to sea ice thermodynamics
	due to sea surface roughness
	due to sedimentation
	due to shallow convection
	due to shortwave heating
	due to snow thermodynamics
	soil respiration
	due to stratiform cloud
	due to stratiform cloud and precipitation and boundary layer mixing
	due to stratiform precipitation
	due to thermodynamics
	due to tides
	due to turbulence
	due to turbulent deposition
	due to turbulent depostion
	due to vertical friction
	due to vertical mixing
	due to wet deposition
	due to wet troposphere
	due to wind mixing
	due to xy friction
cloud_type Adjectives which describe cloud and precipitation processes
(cloud type)	convective
	large scale
	stratiform
medium Names of physical media. Qualifiers which attribute variables to a medium, or which relate the direction of a vector to a medium.
(medium)	emerging from sea water
in (medium)	from soil
of (medium)	into sea water
(preposition) (medium)	out of sea ice and sea water
	out of sea water
	reflected by sea water
	air
	in air
	of air
	in atmosphere boundary layer
	in atmosphere layer
	in floating ice
	ground
	litter
	in ocean layer
	in sea ice
	in sea water
	of sea water
	sea water
	in snow
	in soil
	soil
	in soil moisture
	in soil pores
	in water
frequency_moment Qualifiers which describe measures of wave spectra.
(frequency moment)	first frequency moment
	inverse frequency moment
	second frequency moment
condition Qualifiers which indicate that a variable has been calculated assuming a certain, possibly hypothetical, physical state.
(assuming condition)	assuming clear sky
	assuming deep snow
	assuming no aerosol or cloud
	assuming no snow
	assuming no tide
	assuming sea level for geoid
	at critical point
	at field capacity
	at saturation
	at wilting point
	without flux correction
status Names of particular circumstances
(status)	above threshold
	aragonite undersaturation
	below threshold
	calcite undersaturation
coordinate_or_extent_of Where, when or for how long
(coordinate or extent of)	minimum depth of
	number of days with
	spell length of days with
surface Names of geophysical surfaces. Qualifiers which indicate that a variable applies on a particular surface, or on some level related to a surface, or which relate the direction of a vector to a surface.
(surface)	above geoid
at (surface)	above reference ellipsoid
(preposition) (surface)	above sea floor
	above sea level
	below geoid
	below sea level
	below sea surface
	below surface
	from canopy
	onto canopy
	at base of ocean mixed layer
	canopy
	canopy and surface
	at cloud base
	cloud base
	at cloud top
	cloud top
	at convective cloud base
	at convective cloud top
	dynamic tropopause
	at freezing level
	freezing level
	geoid
	at ground level
	at sea floor
	sea floor
	at sea ice base
	at sea level
	sea surface
	at sea water surface
	subsurface
	surface
	toa
	at top of atmosphere boundary layer
	at top of atmosphere model
	at top of dry convection
	tropopause
layer Names of geophysical layers. Qualifiers which attribute a variable to a layer.
(layer)	atmosphere
of (layer)	atmosphere boundary layer
	of atmosphere layer
	floating ice
	land
	land ice
	middle atmosphere
	ocean
	of ocean layer
	ocean mixed layer
	sea
	sea ice
	of soil layer
	of surface snow
	surface snow
	surface snow and ice
	troposphere
	vegetation
function These phrases are used to derive standard names from other standard names.
(function of)	backwards scattering coefficient of
	change in
	change over time in
	depth of isosurface of
	direction of
	divergence of
	lagrangian tendency of
	magnitude of
	minus one times
	square of
	tendency of
	thickness of
	volume absorption coefficient of
	volume attenuation coefficient of
	volume backwards scattering coefficient of
	volume beam attenuation coefficient of
	volume scattering coefficient of
	volume scattering function of
direction These phrases are used to construct names for the direction of a vector, in cases where the function "direction_of" might be ambiguous.
(direction)	from direction
	to direction

16	(cloud_type) (scalar)
4	(cloud_type) (surface) (scalar)
4	(cloud_type) cloud (scalar)
2	(cloud_type) cloud (scalar) in_(medium)
4	(component) (component) (tensor) at_(surface)
2	(component) (component) (tensor) in_(medium)
5	(component) (component) (tensor) in_(medium) due_to_(phenomenon)
2	(component) (grid_component) (tensor) at_(surface)
3	(component) (layer) (pre_adjective) (vector)
2	(component) (layer) (pre_adjective) (vector) (per_unit)
6	(component) (layer) (vector)
4	(component) (layer) (vector) (per_unit)
12	(component) (layer) (vector) due_to_(phenomenon)
3	(component) (material_flux_of) (medium)
3	(component) (material_flux_of) (species) expressed_as (species) in_(medium)
4	(component) (material_flux_of) (species) in_(medium)
4	(component) (medium) (vector)
2	(component) (medium) (vector) (assuming_condition)
1	(component) (medium) (vector) away_from_instrument
2	(component) (pre_adjective) (vector) due_to_(phenomenon)
27	(component) (pre_adjective) (vector) in_(medium)
2	(component) (tensor) (post_adjective)
11	(component) (vector)
2	(component) (vector) (per_unit) in_(medium)
2	(component) (vector) at_(surface)
4	(component) (vector) at_(surface) in_(medium)
1	(component) (vector) away_from_instrument
23	(component) (vector) in_(medium)
8	(component) (vector) in_(medium) (assuming_condition)
3	(component) (vector) in_(medium) due_to_(phenomenon)
5	(concentration_of) (cloud_type) cloud (species) in_(medium)
1	(concentration_of) (species) (post_adjective) in_(medium)
72	(concentration_of) (species) expressed_as (species) in_(medium)
2	(concentration_of) (species) expressed_as (species) in_(medium) (assuming_condition)
400	(concentration_of) (species) in_(medium)
3	(concentration_of) (species) in_(medium) (assuming_condition)
1	(concentration_of) (species) in_(medium) at_shallowest_local_minimum_in_vertical_profile
3	(concentration_of) cloud (species) in_(medium)
4	(coordinate_or_extent_of) (medium) (scalar) (status)
3	(coordinate_or_extent_of) (pre_adjective) (function_of) (scalar) (status)
1	(coordinate_or_extent_of) (scalar) (status)
2	(coordinate_or_extent_of) (status) in_(medium)
7	(dynamic) (component) (medium) (vector)
2	(dynamic) (component) (vector)
4	(dynamic) (medium) (grid_component) (vector)
4	(function_of) (cloud_type) (scalar)
2	(function_of) (component) (medium) (vector)
1	(function_of) (component) (medium) (vector) due_to_(phenomenon)
5	(function_of) (component) (vector)
12	(function_of) (component) (vector) due_to_(phenomenon)
1	(function_of) (component) (vector) in_(medium)
3	(function_of) (concentration_of) (cloud_type) cloud (species) in_(medium)
43	(function_of) (concentration_of) (cloud_type) cloud (species) in_(medium) due_to_(phenomenon)
6	(function_of) (concentration_of) (species) expressed_as (species) in_(medium) due_to_(phenomenon)
5	(function_of) (concentration_of) (species) expressed_as (species) in_(medium) due_to_(phenomenon) by_(species)
10	(function_of) (concentration_of) (species) in_(medium) due_to_(phenomenon)
3	(function_of) (concentration_of) cloud (species) in_(medium)
5	(function_of) (concentration_of) cloud (species) in_(medium) due_to_(phenomenon)
1	(function_of) (function_of) (medium) (scalar)
1	(function_of) (layer) (pre_adjective) (scalar)
101	(function_of) (layer) (quantity_of) (species)
133	(function_of) (layer) (quantity_of) (species) due_to_(phenomenon)
8	(function_of) (layer) (quantity_of) (species) expressed_as (species)
7	(function_of) (layer) (quantity_of) (species) expressed_as (species) due_to_(phenomenon)
5	(function_of) (layer) (scalar)
1	(function_of) (layer) (scalar) (per_unit)
1	(function_of) (layer) (scalar) (per_unit) due_to_(phenomenon)
1	(function_of) (layer) (scalar) defined_by (scalar)
17	(function_of) (layer) (scalar) due_to_(phenomenon)
2	(function_of) (layer) (vector)
4	(function_of) (layer) number_content_of (particles) due_to_(phenomenon)
8	(function_of) (medium) (scalar)
23	(function_of) (medium) (scalar) due_to_(phenomenon)
2	(function_of) (medium) (scalar) due_to_(phenomenon) (assuming_condition)
1	(function_of) (medium) (vector)
1	(function_of) (pre_adjective) (scalar) due_to_(phenomenon)
2	(function_of) (pre_adjective) (scalar) of_(layer)
7	(function_of) (scalar)
8	(function_of) (scalar) due_to_(phenomenon)
1	(function_of) (scalar) in_(medium)
1	(function_of) (scalar) of_(layer)
10	(function_of) (scalar) of_(layer) due_to_(phenomenon)
1	(function_of) (surface) (component) (tensor)
1	(function_of) (surface) (component) (vector)
2	(function_of) (surface) (component) (vector) in_(medium)
1	(function_of) (surface) (medium) (scalar)
1	(function_of) (surface) (scalar)
1	(function_of) (surface) (scalar) (preposition)_(surface)
3	(function_of) (vector)
1	(function_of) (vector) (preposition)_(medium) due_to_(phenomenon)
1	(function_of) (vector) away_from_instrument
5	(function_of) (vector) in_(medium)
1	(function_of) (vector) in_(medium) due_to_(species)
3	(function_of) derivative_of (scalar) wrt (scalar)
2	(grid_component) (vector)
2	(grid_component) derivative_of (scalar)
2	(layer) (cloud_type) cloud (scalar)
2	(layer) (component) (tensor) due_to_(phenomenon)
5	(layer) (component) (vector)
1	(layer) (dynamic) (scalar)
4	(layer) (grid_component) (vector)
4	(layer) (pre_adjective) (grid_component) (vector)
10	(layer) (pre_adjective) (scalar)
8	(layer) (pre_adjective) (scalar) due_to_(phenomenon)
1	(layer) (pre_adjective) (vector)
4	(layer) (property) (pre_adjective) (scalar)
4	(layer) (property) (scalar)
1	(layer) (quantity_of) (medium) (per_unit)
182	(layer) (quantity_of) (species)
17	(layer) (quantity_of) (species) expressed_as (species)
62	(layer) (scalar)
1	(layer) (scalar) (per_unit)
2	(layer) (scalar) (per_unit) due_to_(phenomenon)
1	(layer) (scalar) defined_by (pre_adjective) (scalar)
4	(layer) (scalar) defined_by (scalar)
5	(layer) (scalar) due_to_(phenomenon)
15	(layer) (scalar) due_to_(species)
3	(layer) cloud (scalar)
1	(layer) integral_of (medium) (scalar) wrt (scalar)
3	(layer) number_content_of (particles)
2	(medium) (grid_component) (vector)
28	(medium) (scalar)
1	(medium) (scalar) (per_unit)
3	(medium) (scalar) (post_adjective)
9	(medium) (scalar) at_(surface)
4	(phenomenon) (scalar)
4	(pre_adjective) (cloud_type) (scalar)
4	(pre_adjective) (function_of) (cloud_type) (scalar)
1	(pre_adjective) (function_of) (layer) (scalar)
5	(pre_adjective) (function_of) (scalar)
2	(pre_adjective) (function_of) (scalar) of_(layer)
1	(pre_adjective) (function_of) (surface) (scalar)
2	(pre_adjective) (pre_adjective) (scalar)
21	(pre_adjective) (scalar)
6	(pre_adjective) (scalar) by_(species)
1	(pre_adjective) (scalar) due_to_(phenomenon)
2	(pre_adjective) (scalar) of_(layer)
1	(pre_adjective) cloud (scalar)
2	(quantity_of) (layer) (scalar)
7	(quantity_of) (species) (per_unit) in_(medium)
101	(scalar)
3	(scalar) (assuming_condition)
4	(scalar) (post_adjective)
1	(scalar) (post_adjective) due_to_(phenomenon)
1	(scalar) (post_adjective) in_(medium)
2	(scalar) (preposition)_(medium)
6	(scalar) (preposition)_(surface)
6	(scalar) at_(surface)
1	(scalar) at_(surface) defined_by (scalar)
1	(scalar) at_maximum_upward_derivative of_(medium) (scalar)
1	(scalar) at_shallowest_local_minimum_in_vertical_profile of (concentration_of) (species) in_(medium)
11	(scalar) due_to_(phenomenon)
3	(scalar) due_to_(phenomenon) expressed_as (vector) (preposition)_(medium)
1	(scalar) expressed_as (surface) (scalar) (preposition)_(surface)
4	(scalar) for_(property) in_(medium)
20	(scalar) in_(medium)
1	(scalar) in_(medium) (assuming_condition)
13	(scalar) of_(layer)
1	(scalar) of_(layer) (assuming_condition)
1	(scalar) of_(layer) due_to_(species)
5	(scalar) of_(medium)
3	(scalar) wrt (medium)
2	(species) (scalar)
2	(surface) (component) (component) (tensor)
2	(surface) (component) (grid_component) (tensor)
2	(surface) (component) (grid_component) (tensor) (post_adjective)
2	(surface) (component) (material_flux_of) (species)
1	(surface) (component) (material_flux_of) (species) expressed_as (species)
2	(surface) (component) (medium) (vector)
4	(surface) (component) (pre_adjective) (vector)
21	(surface) (component) (pre_adjective) (vector) in_(medium)
2	(surface) (component) (pre_adjective) (vector) in_(medium) (preposition)_(medium)
20	(surface) (component) (vector)
7	(surface) (component) (vector) (assuming_condition)
16	(surface) (component) (vector) in_(medium)
4	(surface) (component) (vector) in_(medium) (assuming_condition)
2	(surface) (component) (vector) in_(medium) (preposition)_(medium)
2	(surface) (dynamic) (component) (medium) (vector)
2	(surface) (dynamic) (component) (medium) (vector) (assuming_condition)
2	(surface) (dynamic) (medium) (grid_component) (vector)
2	(surface) (dynamic) (medium) (grid_component) (vector) (assuming_condition)
1	(surface) (function_of) (vector)
3	(surface) (medium) (scalar)
4	(surface) (pre_adjective) (direction)
24	(surface) (pre_adjective) (scalar)
9	(surface) (pre_adjective) (scalar) (frequency_moment)
1	(surface) (pre_adjective) (scalar) (post_adjective)
30	(surface) (scalar)
3	(surface) (scalar) (assuming_condition)
1	(surface) (scalar) (post_adjective)
8	(surface) (scalar) (post_adjective) due_to_(phenomenon)
7	(surface) (scalar) (preposition)_(surface)
1	(surface) (species) (vector)
3	(surface) (species) partial_pressure_difference_between (medium) and (medium)
1	(surface) ratio_of (component) (vector) (preposition)_(medium) to (component) (vector) in_(medium)
2	(vector) (direction)
4	(vector) (post_adjective)
4	(vector) (preposition)_(medium)
1	(vector) (preposition)_(medium) (assuming_condition)
17	(vector) (preposition)_(medium) due_to_(phenomenon)
2	angle_of_rotation_from_east_to (grid_component)
1	angstrom_exponent_of (species) in_(medium)
2	cloud (scalar)
1	cloud (scalar) in_(medium)
3	cloud (scalar) of_(layer)
2	cloud (species) (scalar)
9	effective_radius_of (cloud_type) cloud (particles)
1	histogram_of (pre_adjective) (scalar) over (scalar) (preposition)_(surface)
1	histogram_of (scalar) over (scalar) (preposition)_(surface)
2	integral_of (medium) (scalar) (post_adjective) wrt (scalar)
1	integral_of (medium) (scalar) wrt (scalar) expressed_as (scalar)
1	integral_of (medium) (scalar) wrt (scalar) in_(medium)
2	integral_of (surface) (component) (component) (tensor) wrt (scalar)
2	integral_of (surface) (component) (pre_adjective) (vector) wrt (scalar)
2	integral_of (surface) (component) (vector) in_(medium) wrt (scalar)
4	integral_of (surface) (component) (vector) wrt (scalar)
1	integral_wrt (scalar) of (function_of) (medium) (scalar)
1	integral_wrt (scalar) of (function_of) (medium) (scalar) due_to_(phenomenon)
1	mole_ratio_of (species) to (species) in_(medium)
1	product_of (component) (medium) (vector) and (medium) (scalar)
5	product_of (component) (medium) (vector) and (scalar)
2	product_of (component) (vector) and (component) (medium) (vector)
1	product_of (component) (vector) and (component) (vector)
2	product_of (component) (vector) and (medium) (scalar)
6	product_of (component) (vector) and (scalar)
2	product_of (medium) (scalar) and (scalar)
1	product_of (scalar) and (medium) (scalar)
3	product_of (scalar) and (scalar)
2	ratio_of (grid_component) derivative_of (scalar) to (surface) (scalar)