Vertical profiles of 35 and 94 GHz reflectivity for the CLARE'98 flights

Profiles of radar reflectivity factor measured at 35 and 94 GHz during the aircraft over-passes can be obtained here. Please address any problems to Robin Hogan.

Calibration

These data were calibrated with the old calibration figures. The most recent calibration (as of 11 May 1999, documented here) has revealed that 2 dB should be added to all 35 and 94 GHz (and 95 GHz GKSS) reflectivity values on this site.

Recording and processing information

Since the data is averaged over a number of seconds in real time, the profiles are the nearest in time to the aircraft overheads (where these are known). The heights correspond to the centres of the range gates and are above mean sea level, although the accuracy is no better than the pulse length of the radar, which is of same order as the range-gate spacing. The contribution to the measured signal from noise has been subtracted.

On some occasions the aircraft were detected; this is indicated next to the links below. Profiles including a hits on the C-130 in cloud are accompanied by the adjacent profiles so that interpolation can be performed (if required) to estimate the reflectivity of the cloud in the direct vicinity of the aircraft itself.

35 GHz in scanning mode

Most of the profiles taken at 35 GHz were from `fixed' dwells at vertical in between RHIs. The raw temporal resolution of these data was around 0.25 seconds, but 5 second averaging has been performed to increase sensitivity. The range resolution of these data is 225 metres. These files can be found in the subdirectory 35_s.

35 GHz in vertically-pointing mode

Some of the profiles were recorded in vertically-pointing mode, the mode used for unattended operations. The temporal resolution of these data was 10 seconds, and the spatial resolution was 75 metres. These profiles are indicated below with `(75 metre range resolution)', and can be found in the subdirectory 35_v.

94 GHz in vertically-pointing mode

The 94 GHz data had a temporal resolution of 10 or 20 seconds and a spatial resolution of 60 metres. It should be noted that some rays were `glitched' at 94 GHz when the ARAT aircraft was overhead, probably because of interference with the KESTREL radar, although there was an intermittent technical fault which caused similar glitching on other occasions. Where the nearest ray to an overhead has been corrupted, the nearest uncorrupted ray is provided instead. These files can be found in the subdirectory 94_v.

Data format

Each data file consists of a single profile of radar reflectivity at a single wavelength, in simple ascii format. The files are not compressed or zipped. The first line contains two numbers; the first is the number of range gates used, and the second is the time of the profile in decimal hours UTC (also indicated in the filenames as hhmmss). The remainder of the file is two columns of numbers corresponding to the height of the centre of range gate in kilometres and the radar reflectivity in dBZ.

7 October 1998

35 GHz

113003 113222 124923 125210 133343 135631 135935 142619 142818 142953

13 October 1998

35 GHz

123921 123936 123959

131028 hit on Falcon

131037 131110 144120 151435 154306

14 October 1998

35 GHz

123954 124018

124027 hit on ARAT?

124332 130930 130959 131008 142442 145843

16 October 1998

35 GHz

110353 114158 125037 132951 142041 142554 145439

20 October 1998

35 GHz

084512 091824 092046 092448 092540

094947 hit on Falcon

095020 095044 095427 101859 102000

102019 hit on Falcon

102412 102440 102606 104924 105002 105007 105413 105418 105603 115159 115552 122334 122726 130019 130256 131802 132024 132546 132702 141959 142037 142042 142327 144958 145012 145419

152431 (75m range resolution)
152441 (75m range resolution) hit on C-130 in cloud
152451 (75m range resolution)

152541 (75m range resolution)

94 GHz

141946
142008 hit on C-130 in cloud
142051

142322
142344 hit on C-130 in cloud
142406

142554
142615 hit on C-130 in cloud
142637

145002

145422
145443 hit on C-130 in cloud
145505

151956 152101 152438 152544

21 October 1998

35 GHz

092352 092725

101904 hit on Falcon

101942 101951 104932

104951 hit on Falcon

105014 hit on C-130

94 GHz

101850

101950 hit on C-130 in cloud
102000

102519 104920

104950 hit on FALCON

105020 105530 105550

22 October 1998

35 GHz

120223 123608

130340 hit on C-130

130500 130804

133632 hit on C-130

112150 (75 metre range resolution)
112551 (75 metre range resolution)
150716 (75 metre range resolution)

94 GHz

112147 112547 120228 120728 123559 123609 123619 124059

130340 hit on C-130

130510 130820

133631 hit on C-130

150724